Islam in The China History(674-594)

Islam in The China History,

The history of Islam in China began when four Ṣaḥaba Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqās 594- 674 Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and Jahsh preached in 616/17 and onwards in China after coming from Chittagong-Kamrup-Manipur route after sailing from Abyssinia in 615/16. Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas again headed for China for the third time in 650–51 after Caliph ‘Uthman asked him to lead an embassy to China, which the Chinese emperor received warmly. Saʿd ibn Abi Waqqas was an early convert to Islam in 610–11 and one of the important companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Sa'd was the seventeenth person to embrace Islam at the age of seventeen. He is mainly known for his commandership in the conquest of Persia in 636, governorship over it, and diplomatic sojourns to China in 616 and 651. Islam in China has existed through 1,400 years of continuous interaction with Chinese society.Currently Muslims are a significant minority group in China. Hui Muslims are the majority Muslim group in China. The greatest concentration is in Xinjiang, with a significant Uyghur population. Lesser but significant populations reside in the regions of Ningxia, Gansu, and Qinghai. Various sources estimate different numbers of adherents with some sources indicating that 1.5-4% of the total population in China are Muslims. Of China's 55 officially recognized minority peoples ten groups are predominantly Sunni Muslim.

The Huaisheng Mosque 1,300 years ,.

The Huaisheng Mosque also known as the Lighthouse Mosque is the main mosque of Guangzhou. Rebuilt many times over its history, it is traditionally thought to have been originally built over 1,300 years ago which would make it one of the oldest mosques in the world. It was named in memory of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The most unusual feature of the mosque is its calling tower minaret. The round tower is 36 meters tall with a pointed tip.The minaret may have served as a beacon for boats which may explain its name Guangta, i.e. literally Tower of Light. Guangta may also be translated as Smooth Tower referring to the unadorned surface of the minaret. From the tower the mosque itself got its alternative name Guangta Si, i.e. literally either Smooth Tower Mosque or Lighthouse Mosque. Somewhat similar minimalist minarets can be seen outside of China e.g. at the Khan's Mosque in Kasimov, Russia. The other name Huaisheng Mosque Huaisheng Si means Cherishing the Sacred or Cherishing the Sage presumably referring to Muhammad. This name has been Romanized in various ways such as Hwai Sun Su Mosque Huai-Sheng Mosque Huai-Shang Mosque and Huai-Shang Si Mosque. The mosque is also referred to as the Great Mosque of Canton and as Ying Tong Mosque.

Khan's Mosque in Kasimov 1768-1930s., Khan's Mosque in Kasimov is the oldest mosque in Central Russia. It dates from the Qasim Khanate of the 15th and 16th centuries. According to Kadir Ali, the brick mosque was built by Shahghali at some point in the mid-16th century Others believe that the mosque goes back to the reign of Qasim Khan.The original building was torn down at the behest of Peter the Great in 1702 but its wide stone minaret survives. The existing mosque was erected next to the old minaret in 1768. The local Tatar nobles had a second storey added in 1835. A little closer to the Oka River is another local landmark Shahghali's Mausoleum from the mid-16th century.The Khan's Mosque has been designated a public museum since the 1930sThe minimalist design of the minaret, with its unadorned walls reminds of that of the famous Guangta Minaret of Huaisheng Mosque in Guangzhou, in South China.Qasim Khanate or Kingdom of Qasim or Khanate of Qasım was a Tatar khanate a vassal of Russia which existed from 1452 till 1681 in the territory of modern Ryazan Oblast in Russia with its capital Kasimov in the middle course of the Oka River. Its khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür, the thirteenth son of Jochi and thus a grandson of Genghis Khan.It was established in the lands which Grand Prince Vasily II of Moscow reigned 1425-1462 presented in 1452 to the Kazan prince Qasim khan d. 1469 son of the first Kazan khan Olug Moxammat.The Bornay Mosquer The Third Cathedral Mosque also spelled Burnayevskaya Mosque is a mosque in Kazan Tatarstan, Russia. The Hui people are a predominantly Muslim ethnic group in China. Hui people are found throughout the country though they are concentrated mainly in the Northwestern provinces and the Zhongyuan. According to a 2011 census China is home to approximately 10.5 million Hui people, the majority of whom are Chinese-speaking practitioners of Islam though some practice other religions.The Hui people are ethnically and linguistically similar to Han Chinese with the exception that most of them practice Islam engendering distinctive cultural characteristics. For example, as Muslims, they follow Islamic dietary laws and reject the consumption of pork, the most common meat consumed in China and have given rise to their variation of Chinese cuisine; Chinese Islamic cuisine, as well as Muslim Chinese martial arts. Their mode of dress differs primarily in that old men wear white caps and old women wear headscarves, as is the case in many Islamic cultures however most of the young people of Hui ancestry are practically indistinguishable from mainstream Han Chinese. The Hui people are one of 56 ethnic groups recognized by China. The government defines the Hui people to include all historically Muslim communities not included in China's other ethnic groups.The Hui predominantly speak Chinese with no non-Sinitic language The Hui people are more concentrated in Northwestern China Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai Xinjiang but communities existacross the country e.g. Beijing Inner Mongolia Hebei Hainan and Yunnan.

Muslim_meat_shop halal_sign Hankow China1935,

Traditionally there is a distinction between northern and southern Chinese Islamic cuisine despite both utilizing mutton and lamb. Northern Chinese Islamic cuisine relies heavily on beef, but rarely ducks, geese, shrimp or seafood, while southern Islamic cuisine is the reverse. The reason for this difference is due to availability of the ingredients. Oxen have been long used for farming and Chinese governments have frequently strictly prohibited the slaughter of oxen for food. However, due to the geographic proximity of the northern part of China to minority-dominated regions that were not subjected to such restrictions, beef could be easily purchased and transported to northern China. At the same time, ducks geese and shrimp are rare in comparison to southern China due to the arid climate of northern China.

In most major eastern cities in China, there are very limited Islamic/Halal restaurants, which are typically run by migrants from Western China e.g. Uyghurs they primarily offer inexpensive noodle soups only. These restaurants are typically decorated with Islamic motifs such as pictures of Islamic rugs and Arabic writing. Another difference is that lamb and mutton dishes are more commonly available than in other Chinese restaurants, due to the greater prevalence of these meats in the cuisine of western Chinese regions. Other Muslim ethnic minorities like the Salar, Dongxiang, Bonan, and Tibetan Muslims have their own cuisines as well. Dongxiang people also operate their own restaurants serving their cuisine. Many cafeterias at Chinese universities have separate sections or dining areas for Muslim students Hui or western Chinese minorities typically labeled qingzhen. Student ID cards sometimes indicate whether a student is Muslim, and will allow access to these dining areas, or will allow access on special occasions such as the Eid feast following Ramadan.